KATA!!!

To all my dear friends from New York who told me that Hell would freeze over before the Red Sox won the World Series...Satan's shopping for ice skates.

THE RED SOX WON THE WORLD SERIES!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Shinko-Retsu

This is one of two palaquins that hold the spirits of the Emperors Komei and Kammu. Emperor Komei is the Deity of the Heian Shrine and Emperor Kammu was the Emperor who moved the capital from Nara to Kyoto. In Japan the Royal family is said to decend directly from the Sun Goddess Ameratsu and thus the Royal family is honored as deities in their own right.

Kudara-O-Myoshin (780)

Kudara-O-Myoshin was the Chief Lady-in-Waiting to Emperor Kammu's Imperial Court. The highest position that a woman who was not part of the Imperial family could recieve. In the west a Lady-in-Waiting is usually a woman, attached to a court, in charge of managing the household or some other womanly duty. In Japan, however, a Lady-in-Waiting of the court had the trust and the ear of the Emperor and Empress and often acted as an advisor.

Ono-no-Komachi (850) 

Murasaki Shikibu (1000) 

Tomoe-Gozen (1180)

The sight of Tomoe-Gozen was the pivot around which I wrote my thesis. There she was, a woman warrior in what I thought was a strict patriarchal society. Since then I have learned that Japan wasn't always a patriarchal society but the site of a woman warrior is not common by any means. She lived and fought in a liminal time at the end of the Heian Period and the beginning of the Warring States Period. During the Heian Period women of the Imperial court had both power and authoriy over the court and their own lives. In the Warring States period they lost all authority and most of their power. Tomoe-Gozen was the last of these women. She was able to hold power and authority as a woman acting like a man. After her disappearance women had little power and authority outside their roles as wifes or courtesans.

Tomoe-Gozen 

A Horse and Samuri in correct armor from the 16th century.

Yodogimi (1590) Wife of Lord Hideyoshi 

Announcing the Procession of Lord Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1590) 

Izumo-no-Okuni (1600)

Izumo-no-Okuni was, according to legend, originally a maiden from the Izumo Shrine, but she came to Kyoto and worked in the Pleasure Quarter as a Dancer and a Courtesan. She quickly became famous by dressing and acting like a man in her dances. These dances became very popular and many other women, and young boys of the Pleasure Quarter began to mimic her. Such was the popularity of these dances that the Tokugawa Shogunate banned both women and young boys from performing them. The dances, however, didn't die, and began to be performed by grown men. This was the origin of Kabuki. Now, Kabuki is an cherished performing art in Japan were men play both male and female roles.

Wife of Nakamura Kuranosuke 

Princess Kazu (1860)
She was the sister of Emperor Komei and married into the Tokugawa Family. During the Tokugawa (Edo) Era the Emperor was the titular head of the Japanese government but had no power outside of his role of the head of the Shinto religion. The Shogun had power over the countries government. It was common for the Tokugawa family to marry royal daughters to legitimize their rule.

The Jidai Matsuri goes backward through time, starting with the Meiji Revolution (1868) and ending with the beginning of the Heian Period (794). Here we see a Court Noble from the Meiji Revolution. He is one of the Seven Court Nobles who tried to convince the Emperor to resist the opening of Japan to foreigners.  

Last year I was in Japan for 3 months studing at Doshisha Women's College in Kyoto. That was the first time I got to see the Jidai Matsuri (Festival of Ages). The Festival of Ages was the inspiration for my Senior Thesis on the women of the Heian Era. This year I returned the Festival to watch it again, to see it through new eyes. I was very happy that I did. Japan's history continues to intrigue me, especially the history of the women living in Japan. Of course, new knowlegde tends to bring new questions. While my focus durning the festival was on the Heian women, this time I couldn't help noticing the women that marched in the other time periods, and were seen throughout the festival. How did their lives compare to the lives of women in the Heian Period? Why were they displayed here? More questions...well I have a year to find the answers before next year's Jidai Matsuri. 

The beginning of the Jidai Matsuri! The Jidai Matsuri was officially started to celebrate the history of Kyoto. Kyoto was the capital of Japan from 794 to 1868 when Emperor Meiji moved the capital the Tokyo. The people deeply felt the loss of their status as the center of Japan. The Jidai Matsuri helps the people of Kyoto to remember the greatness of Kyoto both past and present.  

Behind the Heian Shrine there are extensive Meiji Era (1868-1912) gardens. The leaves have just started to turn in Japan.  

The are Miko or Shrine Maidens of the Heian Shrine. They work at the shrine and ritually bless people during festivals. I actually don't know a lot about them and their position. It is one of the things that I hope to research while I am here. 

At the shrine I was lucky to catch a picture of this Japanese family visiting the shrine. The father was trying to take a picture but the little girl wouldn't stop fidgeting.  

In the foreground is the fountain where those entering the shrine purify themselves. Before entering the shrine a person should pour water from the fountain over both hands then over the handle of the dipper. Ritual purity is very important in Shinto.  

This is the main courtyard and building in the Heian Shrine. The Heian Shrine was built as a 2/3 replica of Daigoku-den (Palace of the Hall of State) in the original capital. I was here very early in the morning on the day of the Jidai Matsuri so much of the shrine was closed off and it was closed around noon to prepare for the festival.  

This is the main gate of Heian Jingu, or Heian Shrine. Constructed in 1895 the shine was built to commemorate the 1,100 anniversary of the move to Heian-kyo (Kyoto) by Emperor Kammu. Kyoto remained the capital of Japan until the Meiji Revolution when the Emperor moved the court to Tokyo. This is the ending point of the Jidai Matsuri.  

Typhoon

Okay so a typhoon hit Okazaki today. No big deal, I woke up early, studied for my test, took a shower and off I went to school. It was raining cats and dogs and elephants. I was soaked from head to toe, my shoes were making strange *squish* sounds. I walk in the strangly bare front door and am greated by the nice secretaries saying "kyo wa yasumi desu" "today there is no school." I stared in bewilderment at them, dripping rain water on the nice marble floors. You mean I walk all the way here, through the cats, dogs, and pachyderms, for nothing...Kiyaaaa! So as I dejectedly looked out at the growing numder of pachyderms falling from the sky, one of the ever energetic secretaries came running up to me "Arisa-san Arisa-san Otegami ga arimasu." Tegami? Letter? I have a letter? Really! Yeah!! Angela sent me a letter!!!!!! Happiness and Joy...but how was I supposed to get the letter home without it getting soaked? I mean my bag was already soaked through and my umbrella was so wet it was leaking. Dejection again. Then yet another energetic secretary appeared, where on earth did she come from, and asked me about a kuruma, a car, um no I don't have a car...she shakes her head and pointed out the door, and over the noise of the trumpeting I managed to figure out that the car would take me to my apartment! Happiness and Joy and More Happiness and More Joy!!! So I made it home and changed clothes and took a nap...It may have only been 9:30 but it had already been a long day!

No proper Jinya would be found without its own torture chamber to punish the farmers who added sand to their rice tax now would it? This torture device looks harmless now but prisoners were forced to kneel on it while 100 pound wooden blocks were piled on their thighs. *cringe* 

This is Takayama Jinya the only Jinya that remains in Japan today. A Jinya is government building from which officials administered to the affairs of a province that was under the Shogun's direct control during the Edo period. The Takayama Jinya served the Hida province which was taken under the control of the government because of the large amounts of precious metals found there. In this building the rice tax was collected (in Japan you used to pay tax in bales of rice), laws were made, and the province was governed.

Takayama is a small city that retains much of the culture and architechture of the 17th and 18th centuries. It looks a lot like Kyoto because Takayama architects built most of Kyoto. 

An artistic picture.